Improvement in grain-bags



U ITED STATES PATENT CFFIGE.

WILLIAM oAnLoox, or WORSHIAM, VIRGINIA, ASSIGNOR TO nnusnnr AND JOHNGRAHAM, on NEW YORK CITY.

IMPROVEMENT IN GRAIN-"BAGS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 143,876, dated October21, 1873; application filed March 25, 1873.

To all whom it may concern: v

Be it known that I, WILLIAM B. CARLOOK, of Worshiam, Prince Edwardcounty, in the State of Virginia, temporarily residing in New York city,in the State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements relating to Grain-Bags, of which the following is aspecification:

Of the immense quantity of grain annually produced in the United Statesa larger proportion would be shipped in bags except for certainpractical difficulties attending their use. The convenience of handlingand other advantages have been proved to more than compensate for theinterest on the cost and ordinary depreciation.

Improvements in looms and other facilities 7 have produced very perfectbags at moderate cost. I was the inventor of those improvements, andnever realized any profit therefrom. But the means for closing the monthare yet capable of improvement.

If the extreme upper edge, or a portion adjacent thereto, is made heavyand stifi, ordinary strings may be used with success; but in practice,with large numbers, strings are liable to be lost or misplaced. Stringshave never been permanently attached by any means which are at the sametime reliable and cheap.

My invention is intended to accomplish this result. I prepare suitablerough strings, with a knot in the middle of each, and with the endsdefended against unraveling, and incorporate them into the bag in theprocess of weaving. The operation involves so little labor as to bepractically without cost, and the strings are secured with absolutepermanence. The attachment makes it certain that the strings cannot slipofi over the mouth, and the economy, in the absence of a necessity forthickening or other preparation of the bag at the mouth, makes anappreciable amount of saving.

The accompanying drawings form a part of this specification, andillustrate what I consider the best means of carrying out the invention.

Figure 1 is a horizontal section in theplane of the line where thestring is woven in, and Fig. 2 is a general side elevation.

Similar letters of reference indicate like parts in all the figures.

Ais a bag, and B a stout rough string,preferably a cabled cotton or hempcord. The ends of the strings B are tagged, as indicated by b b, and thecenter is formed in a knot, as indicated by B, or formed with anequivalent bunch. The string B B is inserted through a portion of thebag by being introduced between the warps a, in addition to the ordinaryfilling. It is allowed to extend along in this manner between the warpsfor the distance of about two inches. Beyond this the string is allowedto project. The entire length of the string may be twenty inches, sothat each end will project about nine inches.

1n weaving the bags, an additional harness is introduced, and half ofthe warp-yarns for the space of two inches in width is carried in thisextra harness. When the bag is woven to the right point thisextraharness is thrown upward to a greater height than usual, and the stringis inserted by hand or by other means. Then the harnesses are againworked together, and the lay or batten, striking up with force, worksthe ordinary filling in tightly, so that the bag looks, and is, veryperfectly woven, with the ends of the string projecting from the outer'face of the bag to the proper extent, at points two inches apart.

With a little more labor and skillful attention the strings may beintroduced by hand through the warps with ordinary harness. The stringis preferably tarred before its insertion.

There is very little strain on thestring tending to pull it endwisethrough its fastening in the bag. The roughness, and especially the knotB, will, with the tightness of the weaving, be sufficientto insureagainst any displacement in that direction. The whole strength of thewarps is available to prevent its removal i any other way. A fewstitches or other fastenings may be added after the bag-is finished I togive increased security against the slipping of the string endwise, butmy experiments have not indicated any necessity therefor.

If a greater length than two inches is instring placed under and securedby the warps closed in the bags the security of the string in theprocess of Weaving, as herein specified. may be thereby increased; but alimit will In testimony whereof I have hereunto set soon be reached inthis direction,because that my hand this 19th day of March, 187 3, inthe portion of the bag which is woven around the presence of twosubscribing'witnesses.

string must necessarily remain unpuckered or WM. B. GARLOCK. ungatheredwhen the bag is tied up. Witnesses:

I claim as my invention- WM. 0. DEY, v

A woven bag having a knotted or bunched CHAS. RAETT, Jr.

